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THE INPIM E-NEWSLETTER July 24, 2007; Number 66 http://www.inpim.org ihussain@inpim.org
Welcome to the INPIM E-Newsletter # 66
NEWS
Ø INPIM’s Third International Capacity Building Program on Participatory Irrigation Management, 21 – 30 October 2007, Izmir, Turkey Ø Dutch Water Knowledge to Help Solve Asian Water Problems Ø Japan Aids Efforts to Help Improve Water Services in Asia Ø Boosting Regional Dialogue on Effective Water Governance Ø Water Rights: Who Needs Them? Ø Need for Integrated Water Resources Management Ø EBRD Helps Improve Water Supply in Northwestern Romania with 18 Million Euros Loan to Help Regionalization Of Water Utility in Oradea
DONORS’ LENDING AND SUPPORT FOR IRRIGATION & DRAINAGE PROJECTS
World Bank
Ø World Bank Approves US$500 Million for the Development of the Niger Basin Water Resources and Ecosystems Ø World Bank Approves Water Conservation and Irrigation Rehabilitation Project for Egypt Ø World Bank Supports Irrigation and Drainage Rehabilitation Project (IDRP) in Serbia Ø World Bank Approves Water and Sanitation Sector Modernization Project for Honduras Ø World Bank Supports Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Ghana Ø World Bank Supports Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Low-Income Communities of Panama
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Ø IADB Approves US$200 million for Water Resources Reform Program in Peru
UPCOMING REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL MEETS AND EVENTSØ 58th International Executive Council (IEC) Meeting and USCID’s 4th International Conference on Irrigation and Drainage 30 September-5 October 2007 Sacramento, California USA Ø 6th Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management 12-17 August 2007 Guatemala City, Guatemala Ø World Water Week in Stockholm 2007 ‘Progress and Prospects on Water – Striving for Sustainability in a Changing World’ 12-18 August 2007 Stockholm, Sweden Ø 2nd IASTED International Conference on Water Resources Management (WRM 2007) 20-22 August 2007 Honolulu, Hawaii, USA Ø International Conference on Sustainable Development and Management of Water Resources in Palestine 25-28 August 2007 Amman, Jordan Ø 22nd European Regional Conference 2-6 September 2007 Pavia, Italy Ø Third International Conference on Climate and Water 3-6 September 2007 Helsinki, Finland Ø International Workshop on ‘Biogeochemical Processes in Groundwater Systems’ 10-11 September 2007 Munich, Germany Ø 14th German Dam Symposium / 5th ICOLD European Club Dam Symposium 17-19 September 2007 Freising, Bavaria, Germany Ø European Water & Wastewater Management Conference 24-26 September 2007 St James' Park, Newcastle, UK Ø 3rd International Yellow River Forum on Sustainable Water Resources Management and Delta Ecosystem Maintenance 16-19 October 2007 Dongying City, Shandong Province, China Ø HELP - Local Solutions to Global Water Problems : Lessons from the South 4-9 November 2007 Pretoria, South Africa Ø 2nd African Regional Conference 6-9 November 2007 Johannesburg, South Africa Ø International Conference on the Implementation of the European Water Framework Directive 8 - 10 November 2007 Rome, Italy Ø The “1st International Conference on Adaptive & Integrated Water Management: Coping with complexity and uncertainty" (CAIWA 2007) 12-15 November 2007 Basel, Switzerland Ø MELIA 1st Workshop: “Water Culture and Water Conflict in the Mediterranean Area” 22-26 November 2007 Tunisia Ø Second African Show of Irrigation and Drainage 5-10 February 2008 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Ø 33rd WEDC International Conference “Access to Sanitation and Safe Water: Global Partnerships and Local Actions” 7-11 April 2008 Accra, Ghana Ø Water Down Under 2008 15-18 April 2008 Adelaide, Australia Ø 13th World Water Congress 01-04 September 2008 Montpellier, France Ø ICID’s 20th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage 13-19 October 2007 Lahore, Pakistan
NEW PUBLICATIONSØ Risk Management for the Water Utility Sector Ø Allocating Scarce Water : A WWF Primer on Water Allocation, Water Rights and Water Markets Ø Dynamic Programming Based Operation of Reservoirs: Applicability and Limits
FELLOWSHIP AND FUNDING OPPORTUNITIESØ DELTA Scholarships Ø Erasmus Mundus Scholarship Program Ø Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program
CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAININGS
Ø INPIM’s Third International Capacity Building Program on Participatory Irrigation Management 21-30 October 2007 Izmir, Turkey Ø Gender Mainstreaming in Water and Sanitation Programmes: Sustainable Livelihoods for the Rural and Urban Poor 20-24 August 2007 Nairobi, Kenya Ø Water Quality Control in Water Supply 01-12 October 2007 DELFT, The Netherlands Ø Groundwater Exploration and Monitoring 07-25 April 2008 DELFT, The Netherlands Ø Knowledge Management for Decision Makers in the Water Sector 14-25 April 2008 DELFT, The Netherlands Ø Applied Groundwater Modelling 09-27 June 2008 DELFT, The Netherlands
DETAILS
NEWS
INPIM’s Third International Capacity Building Program on Participatory Irrigation Management, 21 – 30 October 2007, Izmir, Turkey
Program Description The Third International Capacity Building Program (ICBP) on Participatory Irrigation Management will be held in Izmir, Turkey from 21 – 30 October 2007. The ICBP is being organized by the International Network on Participatory Irrigation Management (INPIM) in collaboration with INPIM Turkey Chapter, State Hydraulic Works (DSI), Turkey and the World Bank Institute (WBI). The 10-day course will be held at the DSI’s Gumulder Training Centre, located in South of Izmir, 40 km from Izmir Airport. The course is aimed at faculty of training institutes or consultants, WUA Managers, Policy makers, System managers, and NGOs or Government/Irrigation Agency staff and those who are engaged in WUA capacity-building and implementing PIM programs in their countries. The language of the course will be English. The purpose of the course is to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of WUAs, and at the policy level to support and strengthen the implementation of national PIM programs. Besides offering the opportunity to review state-of-the-art thinking on irrigation reforms, this international CBP offers the opportunity for networking with irrigation professionals from around the world. The program includes 2 and a half day of field visits to 4 WUAs and interactions with WUA managers, farmers, stakeholders and staff of the WUAs in Turkey. Objectives 1. To learn from international experience where PIM is being promoted 2. Focus substantively on the different dimensions of water users associations 3. Capacity building for the sustainability of water users associations 4. Networking among participants; learning from the experience of Turkey and learning from each other through country experiences Language The course materials will be in English, and most of the formal presentations will also be in English. Translation will be provided from Turkish to English where required. Course Venue The programme will be held at DSI’s Gumulder Training Centre in the beautiful town of Gumulder, located in the South of Izmir, 40 Km from Izmir Airport. Gumulder is a small town with the population of 8700, located on the Aegean Sea Coast. The town is close to many famous historical places. The training centre is equipped with all facilities and has excellent accommodation arrangement for the participants. Admission Requirements The course will be limited to 50 participants who would fall under three main categories: (1) managers of water user organizations, (2) senior government agency staff responsible for implementing PIM, and (3) faculty and staff of irrigation management training institutes or NGOs who would develop their own PIM training programs in their countries. Preference will be given to country teams of 3 persons representing a mix of both categories and who have strong practical and professional experience. Registration Fee, Payment, and Travel INPIM offers a pre-arranged package including course registration fee, meals, lodging, local transportation, and field visits at US$ 2,500 payable to INPIM. Participants shall be responsible for their travel to Izmir and back to their countries. Participants will be issued a letter of invitation addressed to the Embassy of Turkey in their respective countries. As issuance of visa usually takes time, you are requested to ensure that you process for your visa well in advance to avoid last minute disappointments. Participants wishing to arrive before, or stay after, the above mentioned dates and times should arrange for accommodations at their own expense. Payment of the program fee can be made through a bank/wire transfer directly to INPIM's bank account. The information required to make a wire transfer will be made available upon request by email to ihussain@inpim.org or znaseer@inpim.org. Participants will be registered through a two step process of registration as explained below: 1. Pre-registration – Participants are requested to complete the pre-registration by providing basic information in the Table (given below) to express their interest in participating in the program. Information for pre-registration
Note: Payment of fee can be made at pre-registration stage or at final registration stage as explained below. Early registration and payment of fee offers some financial benefits to the participants. 2. Final registration and payment of fee – upon receipt and processing of the pre-registration forms, final registration forms will be sent to the pre-registered participants as per the following schedule and benefits: Final Registration and full fee payment by 15 August 2007, 5 percent discount Final Registration and full fee payment by 30 August 2007, 2 percent discount Final Registration and full fee payment by 15 September 2007, No discount Final Registration and full fee payment by 30 September 2007, 5 percent late registration charge Final Registration and full fee payment by 15 October 2007, 20 percent late registration charge
For further Information, please contact:
Dutch Water Knowledge to Help Solve Asian Water Problems In response to the huge water needs of the Asia and Pacific region, the Netherlands Water Partnership and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed an agreement to accelerate the achievement of Millennium Development Goal on water and sanitation in Asia and the Pacific region. The partners aim to develop a Strategic Partnership to support ADB’s Water Financing Program 2006-2010. The areas of cooperation will initially be focused on but not limited to Vietnam and Indonesia. ADB will work with the partnership to develop pilot and demonstration projects, which directly link with ADB’s on-going or planned projects. Opportunities will also be explored for the twinning of Dutch water utilities with Asian water utilities. Netherlands Water Partnership contributions include support for providing Water Supply and Sanitation services for 2 million people and exploring projects and programs to speed up the implementation of sanitation services in the region through joint financing and grant support to projects. The partnership will also develop and disseminate specific knowledge products on sanitation, including technology related to non-water sanitation solutions, the economics of sanitation and financing mechanisms. The areas of cooperation will be further developed in the coming months, which will result in a plan by November 2007. For this purpose, regular consultations between the two parties will take place in the coming months. ADB's Water Financing Program, 2006–2010 was launched at the 4th World Water Forum in March 2006 in Mexico City. It envisages boosting water investments to $10 billion during the five year period, with a strong portfolio and pipeline of loan and technical assistance projects. The Netherlands Water Partnership aims to enhance Netherlands' contribution to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and to help tackle world wide water problems. The diversity of the partnership, in which government agencies, private sector, knowledge institutes and civil society organizations are joined, makes that it encompass a broad range of expertise and experience.
(Source: www.adb.org/water)
Japan Aids Efforts to Help Improve Water Services in Asia The Government of Japan is supporting efforts to improve the performance of water and wastewater utilities in developing member countries in South, Central and East Asia to enable them to reach more people, particularly those in impoverished areas, and improve their services to existing clients. Japan is extending a $2 million grant to fund the Water Operators’ Partnership in Asia project, which will be administered by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The funding comes from the Japan Special Fund. “Water operators in Asia suffer from various problems, including structural and organizational weaknesses, poor service and financial performances, the absence of internal control, wasteful procurement practices, and poor consumer relations,” said ADB’s Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist Paul van Klaveren. As a result, many developing member countries may be unable to achieve the provision under the Millennium Development Goals that calls for halving by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and sanitation. The Millennium Development Goals were drawn up in 2000 by the UN Millennium Summit to reduce poverty and improve lives. System leakages are high in developing member countries, with typical non-revenue water ranging from 25% to 70%, said Mr. van Klaveren. Water is rarely supplied on a 24-hour basis, and in areas fortunate to have such a service, connection costs are high, he said. The grant is being used to establish and operate water utility networks, develop and implement capacity building programs and benchmarking systems, adopt management processes that address specific areas of water utilities operations, and come up with a consensus on good practice institutional frameworks. The grant has a two-year timeframe and will form part of a longer-term assistance that is expected to run for five years. (Source: www.adb.org/water) Boosting Regional Dialogue on Effective Water Governance
Water governance refers to the range of political, social, economic and administrative systems that are in place to develop and manage water resources and the delivery of water services, at different levels of society. It comprises the mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which all involved stakeholders, including citizens and interest groups, articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences. Governance of water is understood in its broadest sense as entailing all social, political, and economic institutions and their impact on water development and management.
In Peru the new government has made water a priority of its
development
The project aims to: strengthen government and civil society
capacity to
It is expected that this project will be an on-going learning
process,
Contact: Iris Marmanillo, World Bank, mailto:wsplac@worldbank.org
(Source: www.wsp.org/news/featured.asp?id=63)
Water Rights: Who Needs Them?
Introducing water rights is a difficult process and the question arises if such rights are really needed? Thirty water rights experts and river basin managers from 7 Asian countries pondered on this question together in a 3-day Workshop on Water Rights. They concluded that water rights are indeed necessary, but not across the board, and that there is much wisdom in the old saying “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” They argued that water rights could be introduced selectively in river basins or parts of basins that suffer serious water stress and agreed that when it comes to water rights, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Water Rights for Water Security
Water rights are about providing security. The rural and urban poor need security of access to clean water and sanitation to satisfy their basic needs and live with dignity. Subsistence farmers need the security of water service for their livelihoods. Landowners seek security of water service to invest labor and money into developing their land. City dwellers need security of water supplies to maintain a more advanced lifestyle that inevitably involves higher consumption of water. And industrial and commercial users need a secure investment climate for their business development plans, and reliable water services are an integral part of their needs.
In countries without a water law that recognizes water rights, everyone has the same rights to water. In practice, this means that water users with more power, money, and influence find it easier to achieve water security than the poor. Participants to the water rights workshop organized by the Network of Asian River Basin Organizations (NARBO) agreed that it is the poor who are most in need of water rights, to gain access to water services, and to protect their access from being taken away by other water users.
Experience with water rights varies in the region. Japan and the Philippines have adopted water laws with provisions for water use rights several decades ago. More recently, Viet Nam and Indonesia have also promulgated laws with provisions for licensing water use rights. On the other hand, Thailand and Sri Lanka have yet to pass modern water legislation, while the Lao PDR has a general water law that lacks the necessary regulations for implementation.
Customary Rights vs. Water Rights Licensing
Historically, each of the 7 countries has developed its economy from an agricultural base relying on paddy cultivation in a monsoonal climate supported by irrigation systems. By and large, the allocation of water in agriculture, which was and still is the largest water user, has enjoyed a rich tradition of participatory and consultative processes at the local level. Now-a-days, agricultural water uses in most of the countries are regarded as having customary rights, often protected in perpetuity by the ‘first in time, first in right’ principle.
In recent decades, rapid economic development combined with industrialization and urbanization has exponentially increased the demands for water, causing widespread shortages especially during the dry season. Furthermore, water pollution has become a major cause of environmental degradation, and has further reduced the availability of clean water. The workshop participants agreed that there is a need for countries facing such challenges to advance from ‘implicit’ water allocation systems on a project-by-project basis to more ‘explicit’ water allocation systems that involve licensing of water use rights. In doing so, they argued that countries should give priority to assigning water use rights to poor communities and for environmental services, including environmental flows in rivers. Legislation for Improving Allocation
Interestingly, none of the 7 countries has adopted fundamental water rights in its legislation in the way that South Africa has done by assigning a reserve for basic human needs. South African legislation defines the minimum standard for basic water supply as 25 liters of potable water per person per day, free of charge. It is an absolute right of access defined in primary legislation and therefore not subject to allocation procedures, but only to the capacity of government at all levels to deliver on this commitment.
The Indonesian water resources law of 2004 comes closest to such a fundamental water rights with a provision that “the state guarantees the right of every person in obtaining water for minimum rudimentary daily use to fulfill a healthy, clean, and productive life.” Besides the need to recognize rights to a basic amount of water, workshop participants agreed that safeguarding environmental flows in rivers is also critical, and they referred to the Philippine policy of setting a target of 10% as a helpful way of increasing results.
In most of the 7 countries, the introduction of water licensing is driven by the need to accommodate new water users, such as burgeoning satellite towns and housing projects, and industrial estates. With the entry of these new players, most of whom operate on a business model; the traditional social capital from the agricultural era of consultation and negotiated solutions is now stretched beyond its limits. New water allocation systems are needed that are supported by modern legislation.
This is not to say that consultation, consensus, and negotiated approaches have lost their place under the sun. Several participants argued that such practices are still needed, especially in a river basin context and among agricultural water users. However, negotiations among urban, industrial and agricultural water users are generally seen as uncharted territory with uncertain outcomes.
Win-Win Solutions for Competing Water Users
Expectations are rising that the licensing of water use rights will help create win-win solutions among water users competing for this increasingly scarce resource. In this regard, river basin organizations were asked to maintain a practical focus and direct their attention to solving and avoiding problems in the basin, and to help improve the enabling environment for integrated water resources management, including effective provisions for water rights and allocation.
Experience in the region shows that it takes decades to develop the necessary capacity to implement water licensing efficiently. Having that knowledge should, however, not stop anyone from starting now, because all stakeholders can benefit from water rights that are protected by law, especially the poor who need it most.
(Source: This article is prepared by Wouter Lincklaen Arriens, Lead Water Resources Specialist of the Asian Development Bank, www.adb.org/water/articles/2007/water-rights.asp) Need for Integrated Water Resources Management
Towards Better Basin Management
The need to manage our water resources has become increasingly obvious and urgent. The different but related uses of water—by households, commercial establishments, agriculture, industries, and even for recreational activities—put pressure on our natural water resources to the extent that they threaten the larger environment we and our water resources depend on.
The necessity to manage our water resources has given rise to the idea of “Integrated Water Resources Management,” or IWRM. IWRM seeks to reconcile a country’s demand for water resources with the limitations of what those water resources can accommodate. A body of water can only withstand so much extraction and pollution by competing user groups with ever-growing needs (such as factories versus agriculture, or upstream communities versus downstream communities).
Today, IWRM is recognized by many countries around the world as a model—the paradigm—for establishing good water governance and putting our water resources on the recovery path.
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